Aspiration Shaming
In my research with non-elite mothers in India, I used the term “aspiration shaming” (Mathew, 2018) to refer to two simultaneous emergences. Unlike in the previous generation,
non-elites in the post-liberalization decades were intensely invested in formal education and aspired for mainstream educational opportunities for their children (also see Jakimow, 2016). However, the state and the established middle-classes shamed aspiring non-elites and sought to direct them to marginalized educational spaces and trajectories.
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